Transformation<BigDecimal.BigDecimal, string, never, never>Decodes a string into a BigDecimal and encodes a BigDecimal back to
its string representation.
When to use
Use when you need a schema transformation to parse decimal number strings from APIs or user input.
Details
Decoding calls BigDecimal.fromString(s) and fails with InvalidValue if
the string is not a valid BigDecimal representation. Encoding returns
BigDecimal.format(bd).
export const const bigDecimalFromString: Transformation<
BigDecimal.BigDecimal,
string
>
const bigDecimalFromString: {
_tag: 'Transformation';
decode: SchemaGetter.Getter<T, E, RD>;
encode: SchemaGetter.Getter<E, T, RE>;
flip: () => Transformation<string, BigDecimal.BigDecimal, never, never>;
compose: (other: Transformation<T2, BigDecimal.BigDecimal, RD2, RE2>) => Transformation<T2, string, RD2, RE2>;
}
Decodes a string into a BigDecimal and encodes a BigDecimal back to
its string representation.
When to use
Use when you need a schema transformation to parse decimal number strings
from APIs or user input.
Details
Decoding calls BigDecimal.fromString(s) and fails with InvalidValue if
the string is not a valid BigDecimal representation. Encoding returns
BigDecimal.format(bd).
bigDecimalFromString: class Transformation<in out T, in out E, RD = never, RE = never>class Transformation {
_tag: 'Transformation';
decode: SchemaGetter.Getter<T, E, RD>;
encode: SchemaGetter.Getter<E, T, RE>;
flip: () => Transformation<E, T, RE, RD>;
compose: <T2, RD2, RE2>(other: Transformation<T2, T, RD2, RE2>) => Transformation<T2, E, RD | RD2, RE | RE2>;
}
Represents a bidirectional transformation between a decoded type T and an encoded
type E, built from a pair of Getters.
When to use
Use when you need a schema transformation that defines how a schema converts
between two representations.
- You want to compose multiple transformations into a pipeline.
- You want to flip a transformation to swap decode/encode.
Details
This is the primary building block for Schema.decodeTo, Schema.encodeTo,
Schema.decode, Schema.encode, and Schema.link. Each direction is a
SchemaGetter.Getter that handles optionality, failure, and Effect services.
- Immutable —
flip() and compose() return new instances.
flip() swaps the decode and encode getters.compose(other) chains: this.decode then other.decode for decoding,
other.encode then this.encode for encoding.
Example (Composing two transformations)
import { SchemaTransformation } from "effect"
const trimAndLower = SchemaTransformation.trim().compose(
SchemaTransformation.toLowerCase()
)
// decode: trim then lowercase
// encode: passthrough (both directions)
Transformation<import BigDecimalBigDecimal.BigDecimal, string> = function transformOrFail<
T,
E,
RD = never,
RE = never
>(options: {
readonly decode: (
e: E,
options: SchemaAST.ParseOptions
) => Effect.Effect<T, SchemaIssue.Issue, RD>
readonly encode: (
t: T,
options: SchemaAST.ParseOptions
) => Effect.Effect<E, SchemaIssue.Issue, RE>
}): Transformation<T, E, RD, RE>
Creates a Transformation from effectful decode and encode functions that
can fail with Issue.
When to use
Use when you need a schema transformation that may fail or require Effect
services.
Details
- Each function receives the input value and
ParseOptions.
- Must return an
Effect that succeeds with the output or fails with Issue.
- Skips
None inputs (missing keys) — functions are only called on present values.
Example (Parsing a date string that can fail)
import { Effect, Option, Schema, SchemaIssue, SchemaTransformation } from "effect"
const DateFromString = Schema.String.pipe(
Schema.decodeTo(
Schema.Date,
SchemaTransformation.transformOrFail({
decode: (s) => {
const d = new Date(s)
return isNaN(d.getTime())
? Effect.fail(new SchemaIssue.InvalidValue(Option.some(s), { message: "Invalid date" }))
: Effect.succeed(d)
},
encode: (d) => Effect.succeed(d.toISOString())
})
)
)
transformOrFail<
import BigDecimalBigDecimal.BigDecimal,
string
>({
decode: (
e: string,
options: SchemaAST.ParseOptions
) => Effect.Effect<
BigDecimal.BigDecimal,
SchemaIssue.Issue,
never
>
s: strings) => {
const const result: Option.Option<BigDecimal.BigDecimal>result = import BigDecimalBigDecimal.const fromString: (
s: string
) => Option.Option<BigDecimal>
Parses a decimal string into a BigDecimal safely.
When to use
Use to parse external decimal text without throwing on invalid input.
Details
Returns Option.some for valid decimal or exponent notation and
Option.none when the string cannot be parsed or would produce an unsafe
scale. The empty string parses as zero.
Example (Parsing decimal strings safely)
import { BigDecimal, Option } from "effect"
import * as assert from "node:assert"
assert.deepStrictEqual(BigDecimal.fromString("123"), Option.some(BigDecimal.make(123n, 0)))
assert.deepStrictEqual(
BigDecimal.fromString("123.456"),
Option.some(BigDecimal.make(123456n, 3))
)
assert.deepStrictEqual(BigDecimal.fromString("123.abc"), Option.none())
fromString(s: strings)
return import OptionOption.const isNone: <A>(
self: Option<A>
) => self is None<A>
Checks whether an Option is None (absent).
When to use
Use when you need to branch on an absent Option before accessing .value.
Details
- Acts as a type guard, narrowing to
None<A>
Example (Checking for None)
import { Option } from "effect"
console.log(Option.isNone(Option.some(1)))
// Output: false
console.log(Option.isNone(Option.none()))
// Output: true
isNone(const result: Option.Option<BigDecimal.BigDecimal>result)
? import EffectEffect.const fail: <E>(
error: E
) => Effect<never, E>
Creates an Effect that represents a recoverable error.
When to use
Use to explicitly signal a recoverable error in an Effect.
Details
The error keeps propagating unless it is handled. You can handle tagged
errors with functions like
catchTag
or
catchTags
.
Example (Creating a failed effect)
import { Data, Effect } from "effect"
class OperationFailedError extends Data.TaggedError("OperationFailedError")<{}> {}
// ┌─── Effect<never, OperationFailedError, never>
// ▼
const failure = Effect.fail(
new OperationFailedError()
)
fail(new import SchemaIssueSchemaIssue.constructor InvalidValue(actual: Option.Option<unknown>, annotations?: Annotations.Issue | undefined): SchemaIssue.InvalidValueRepresents a schema issue produced when the input has the correct type but its value violates a
constraint (e.g. a string that is too short, a number out of range).
When to use
Use when you need to detect constraint violations from Schema.filter,
Schema.minLength, Schema.greaterThan, or similar checks.
Details
actual is Option.some(value) when the failing value is known, or
Option.none() when absent.annotations optionally carries a message string for formatting.- The default formatter renders this as
"Invalid data <actual>" unless a
custom message annotation is provided.
Example (Returning InvalidValue from a custom filter)
import { Option, SchemaIssue } from "effect"
const issue = new SchemaIssue.InvalidValue(
Option.some(""),
{ message: "must not be empty" }
)
console.log(String(issue))
// "must not be empty"
InvalidValue(import OptionOption.const some: <A>(value: A) => Option<A>Wraps the given value into an Option to represent its presence.
When to use
Use to wrap a known present value as Option
- Returning a successful result from a partial function
Details
- Always returns
Some<A>
- Does not filter
null or undefined; use
fromNullishOr
for that
Example (Wrapping a value)
import { Option } from "effect"
// ┌─── Option<number>
// ▼
const value = Option.some(1)
console.log(value)
// Output: { _id: 'Option', _tag: 'Some', value: 1 }
some(s: strings), { Annotations.Issue.message?: string | undefinedmessage: `Invalid BigDecimal string: ${s: strings}` }))
: import EffectEffect.const succeed: <A>(value: A) => Effect<A>Creates an Effect that always succeeds with a given value.
When to use
Use when an effect should complete successfully with a specific value without any errors
or external dependencies.
Example (Creating a successful effect)
import { Effect } from "effect"
// Creating an effect that represents a successful scenario
//
// ┌─── Effect<number, never, never>
// ▼
const success = Effect.succeed(42)
succeed(const result: Option.Some<BigDecimal.BigDecimal>const result: {
_tag: "Some";
_op: "Some";
value: A;
valueOrUndefined: A;
pipe: { <A>(this: A): A; <A, B = never>(this: A, ab: (_: A) => B): B; <A, B = never, C = never>(this: A, ab: (_: A) => B, bc: (_: B) => C): C; <A, B = never, C = never, D = never>(this: A, ab: (_: A) => B, bc: (_: B) => C, cd: (_: C) => D): D; <…;
toString: () => string;
toJSON: () => unknown;
}
Some<BigDecimal>.value: BigDecimal.BigDecimal(property) Some<BigDecimal>.value: {
value: bigint;
scale: number;
normalized: BigDecimal;
pipe: { <A>(this: A): A; <A, B = never>(this: A, ab: (_: A) => B): B; <A, B = never, C = never>(this: A, ab: (_: A) => B, bc: (_: B) => C): C; <A, B = never, C = never, D = never>(this: A, ab: (_: A) => B, bc: (_: B) => C, cd: (_: C) => D): D; <…;
toString: () => string;
toJSON: () => unknown;
}
encode: (
t: BigDecimal.BigDecimal,
options: SchemaAST.ParseOptions
) => Effect.Effect<
string,
SchemaIssue.Issue,
never
>
bd: BigDecimal.BigDecimal(parameter) bd: {
value: bigint;
scale: number;
normalized: BigDecimal;
pipe: { <A>(this: A): A; <A, B = never>(this: A, ab: (_: A) => B): B; <A, B = never, C = never>(this: A, ab: (_: A) => B, bc: (_: B) => C): C; <A, B = never, C = never, D = never>(this: A, ab: (_: A) => B, bc: (_: B) => C, cd: (_: C) => D): D; <…;
toString: () => string;
toJSON: () => unknown;
}
import EffectEffect.const succeed: <A>(value: A) => Effect<A>Creates an Effect that always succeeds with a given value.
When to use
Use when an effect should complete successfully with a specific value without any errors
or external dependencies.
Example (Creating a successful effect)
import { Effect } from "effect"
// Creating an effect that represents a successful scenario
//
// ┌─── Effect<number, never, never>
// ▼
const success = Effect.succeed(42)
succeed(import BigDecimalBigDecimal.const format: (n: BigDecimal) => stringFormats a BigDecimal as a string.
When to use
Use to render a BigDecimal as plain decimal text when possible.
Details
The value is normalized before formatting. Scientific notation is used when
the absolute value of the normalized scale is at least 16; otherwise plain
decimal notation is used.
Example (Formatting decimals)
import { BigDecimal } from "effect"
import * as assert from "node:assert"
assert.deepStrictEqual(BigDecimal.format(BigDecimal.fromStringUnsafe("-5")), "-5")
assert.deepStrictEqual(BigDecimal.format(BigDecimal.fromStringUnsafe("123.456")), "123.456")
assert.deepStrictEqual(BigDecimal.format(BigDecimal.fromStringUnsafe("-0.00000123")), "-0.00000123")
format(bd: BigDecimal.BigDecimal(parameter) bd: {
value: bigint;
scale: number;
normalized: BigDecimal;
pipe: { <A>(this: A): A; <A, B = never>(this: A, ab: (_: A) => B): B; <A, B = never, C = never>(this: A, ab: (_: A) => B, bc: (_: B) => C): C; <A, B = never, C = never, D = never>(this: A, ab: (_: A) => B, bc: (_: B) => C, cd: (_: C) => D): D; <…;
toString: () => string;
toJSON: () => unknown;
}